O pai: uma questão sempre atual para a psicanálise / The father: an ever-present matter for psychoanalysis

Resumo: O objetivo do artigo é discutir a função paterna, investigando no texto lacaniano formulações fundamentais sobre a função do pai e sua relação com o sujeito do inconsciente, a fim de situar a diferença dessa função com a apresentação situacional do pai na realidade social. Defende-se a leitura de que o papel social do pai e a função paterna, tal como proposta pela psicanálise e trabalhada por Lacan, são campos diferentes de constituição do problema, que, embora possam estar relacionados, não se determinam. Podemos dizer que confundir esses diferentes modos de análise acarreta conclusões equivocadas sobre o sujeito da psicanálise e sobre a clínica, como sugere Lebrun na sua proposta de "neossujeitos".

Abstract: The aim of this article is to discuss the paternal function, inquiring in the lacanian literature, fundamental formulations about the father and its relationship with the subject of the unconscious, for the purpose of situate the difference of this function with the father situational presentation in the social reality. It stands up for that the father social role and the paternal function, as proposed by psychoanalysis and worked by Lacan, are different fields of constitution of the problem, although may be related, do not determine each other. We can state that confusing these different modes of analysis leads to misleading conclusions about the subject of psychoanalysis and the clinic, as Lebrun indicates in his proposal of "neo-subjects".

Research actuality and quality-influencing factor of Epimedii Folium / 中国中药杂志

Epimedii Folium has a long history in China as a common traditional Chinese medicine. Key factors of Epimedii Folium quality were summarized based on ancient literatures, Chinese Pharmacopoeias and modern research in different period of history. The main reason for unqualified Epimedii Folium is unstable icariin. Therefore, it's suggested that: the precondition of the quality control of epimedium is to find the proper quality marker. It's suggested that the medicinal parts should be reverted to "dry whole plant overground" to solve Epimedium resource shortage problem. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the standardized cultivation, so as to ensure germplasm, production area, and producing method to guarantee the quality of Epimedium Folium. In the drying method, it is recommended to change "dry in the sun or shade" to "dry", namely dry in the sun, shade or drier, in order to provide a new method to improve the quality control and quality standard of Epimedii Folium.

Por onde andam os heróis? / Where are the heroes?

Este artigo aborda a existência do herói, na atualidade, por meio de contraponto com o herói clássico que tinha como princípio o amor à vida ou a honra de seu ser. Percorre dois marcos decisivos para a alteração da concepção do heroico, ou seja, a democracia grega e os novos valores que propiciam a construção de políticas excludentes do sujeito, especialmente a partir da modernidade, repercutindo decisivamente na constituição da subjetividade contemporânea e nas relações entre os homens. A psicanálise é oaporte teórico nessa leitura do social. Mediante a análise das novas formas discursivas da atualidade, concluiu-se que o herói se caracteriza como ídolo de barro, desprovido de honra, vergonha e desbussolado, na crença de que tudo é possível e de que é preciso gozar sem limites

This article discusses the existence of the hero, nowadays, by means of counterpoint with the classic hero, whose principle was the love of life or the honor of his being. It goes through two decisive milestones for the change in the conception of the heroic, that is, Greek democracy and the new values that propitiate the construction of exclusionary policies of the subject, especially from modernity, having a decisive repercussion on the constitution of contemporary subjectivity and relations between men. Psychoanalysis is the theoretical contribution in this reading of the social. Through the analysis of the new discursive forms of the present time, it was concluded that the hero is characterized as a clay idol, devoid of honor, shame and bewilderment, in the belief that everything is possible and that it is necessary to enjoy without limits

Cet article discute l'existence d'un héros actuel, contrepoint du héros classique dont le principe est l'amour de la vie ou encore l'honneur de son être. Cette transformation passe par deux moments décisifs avant d'atteindre la conception actuelle de l'acte héroïque, il s'agit de la démocratie grecque et des nouvelles valeurs qui favorisent la construction de politiques d'exclusion du sujet, notamment la modernité, dont la répercussion est décisive sur la constitution de la subjectivité contemporaine et dans les relations humaines. La psychanalyse apporte une contribution théorique à cette lecture sociale. Ceci au moyen de l'analyse des nouvelles formes discursives. On a ainsi conclu que le héros actuel se caractérise comme idole d'argile dépourvue d'honneur et de honte, désorientée, croyant que tout est possible et qu'il est nécessaire de jouir sans limite

Comunidades Terapêuticas: uma invenção institucional para o tratamento da toxicomania / Therapeutic Communities: an institutional invention for drug addiction treatment / Communeautés thérapeutiques: une invention institutionelle pour le traitement de la toxicomanie

O texto aborda questões relativas ao tratamento da toxicomania, com foco na atualidade em que se pode encontrar Comunidades Terapêuticas (CTs) orientadas pelo modelo genérico de George De Leon, especialista internacionalmente reconhecido quando o assunto é tratamento do abuso de substâncias químicas. Essas CTs são invenções institucionais que podem ser consideradas resposta à falta de significantes mestres, ordenadores da civilização deixada aos desvarios do gozo. E, como se espera, elas contam com conjunto de regras estabelecido visando controle, formas de refrear os excessos vistos na toxicomania. A psicanálise, e a possibilidade de trabalho de praticantes implicados com a psicanálise, nestes espaços, são abordadas no intuito de reflexão crítica sobre o assunto, bem como para assinalar a possibilidade da inserção desse campo discursivo em meio a outros saberes...

This paper addresses some issues related to the treatment of drug addiction, focusing on today’s reality where one can find Therapeutic Communities (TC) guided by the generic model of George De Leon, internationally recognized expert in the field of treatment of substance abuse. These TCs are institutions that may be considered as a response to the lack of master signifiers, rulers of civilization that has been abandoned to the ravings of jouissance. And, as expected, they have established a set of rules aiming to control, to curb the excesses seen in drug addiction. Psychoanalysis, and the possibility of work of practitioners involved with psychoanalysis, in these areas, are addressed in this paper in order to reflect critically on the subject and to point out the possibility of inserting this discursive field among other knowledges...

Ce texte fait une analyse de questions concernant le traitement de toxicomanies, spécialement par rapport à l’actualité ou l’on trouve les Communeautés Thérapeutiques (CTs) orientées par le modèle crée par George de Leon, expert de renommée internationale dans le traitement des abus de substances chimiques. Ces CTs sont des inventions institutionelles qui peuvent être considérées comme une réponse au manque de signifiants maîtres, organisateurs de la civilisation abandonée aux égarements de la jouissance. Telles institutions comptent, comme prévu, avec un assortiment de règles établies visant controler, freiner les excès constatés dans la toxicomanie. La psychanalyse et la possibilité de son introduction dans ces espaces sont examinees pour obtenir une réflexion critique sur ce sujet autant que pour signaler la possibilité d’insertion de ce champ du discours parmi d’autres savoirs...

Desafios do Serviço Social na atualidade em Portugal / Challenges faced by Social Work in Portugal nowadays

Com este texto pretendemos contribuir para a compreensão do Serviço Social e da profissão de assistente social em Portugal, desde a sua emergência até a atualidade, destacando os desafios em contexto de globalização e do risco social. Para efetuar esta análise situamo-nos na inter-relação Estado-sociedade, em que o Serviço Social, enquanto corpo de saber específico, se destaca entre o mundo da vida e mundo dos sistemas. Tivemos em conta o contexto social, político e econômico e os valores, assim como as influências teóricas, as organizações e as orientações das políticas públicas e sociais que determinam o modelo de profissão e o modelo de formação prosseguido em Portugal.

We intended to contribute to the understanding the social work profession in Portugal since its emergence to the present day, highlighting the challenges in the context of globalization and social risk. To perform this analysis are situating in the interrelationship State-society, where the Social Work, as a body of specific knowledge stands between the world of the living and the world of systems. We consider the social, political and economic context and values ​​as well as the theoretical influences, organizations and guidelines of social and public policies that determine the model of profession and training model being pursued in Portugal.

A atualidade como questão: ontologia do presente em Michel Foucault / The actuality as a question: ontology of present in Michel Foucault

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a noção de "ontologia do presente" elaborada por Michel Foucault, explicitando os estudos do filósofo sobre a produção histórica de subjetividades. Cumpre investigar o contexto de surgimento da referida noção, retomando os escritos de Foucault sobre a moral greco-romana antiga, nos quais ele problematiza o papel da liberdade e da autonomia na formação do cidadão. Para Foucault, a ontologia do presente consiste em uma crítica dos dispositivos de assujeitamento e dominação, engendrados pelas sociedades disciplinares e de controle. Através dessa crítica, o filósofo buscará por instrumentos de análise da atualidade, vislumbrando a possibilidade de transformação dos processos históricos de subjetivação.

This paper aims to evidence the meaning of "ontology of present", a concept elaborated by Michel Foucault, and intends to elucidate the philosopher's idea that subjectivity is historically formed. The context of the concept's emergence will be analyzed, considering Foucault's studies on the ancient greco-roman moral, in which he discuss the role of liberty and autonomy in the development of citizens. To the philosopher, the ontology of present consists in a critic of the domination and subjugation mechanisms, produced by disciplinary and control societies. With this critic, Foucault pictures theoric tools to analyze the actuality, making possible to transform the historical processes of subjectification.

O sujeito da psicanálise: particularidades na contemporaneidade / El sujeito del psicoanálisis: particularidades en la contemporaneidad / Le sujet de la psychanalyse: particularités dans le monde contemporain / The subject of psychoanalysis: particularities in contemporaneity

Este artigo objetiva conceituar sujeito e subjetividade, de acordo com as teorias de Freud e Lacan, discutir algumas particularidades presentes nas formas de subjetivação, seus efeitos sobre a existência humana, o adoecimento e o convívio social na atualidade. Em síntese, para a psicanálise, a subjetividade é dividida em duas ordens de funcionamento, relativas ao consciente e ao inconsciente, sendo essencialmente constituída pela sintaxe inconsciente. O sujeito da psicanálise é o sujeito do desejo, delineado por Freud através da noção de inconsciente, marcado e movido pela falta, distinto do ser biológico e do sujeito da consciência filosófica. Esse sujeito se constitui pela inserção em uma ordem simbólica que o antecede, atravessado pela linguagem, tomado pelo desejo de um Outro e mediado por um terceiro. Na atualidade, é possível evidenciar um abalo nessa noção de sujeito de desejo proposta pela psicanálise. Assim, temos o sujeito à mercê de um Outro pouco interditado, pouco marcado por uma falta simbólica e, portanto, imaginariamente passível de completude, o que torna o sujeito suscetível à objetalização. Apatia, alienação e angústia são marcas comuns em que a falta não se instala de maneira efetiva, pondo em questão o estatuto do sujeito do desejo...

This article aims to define Subject and subjectivity, according to Freud and Lacan theories, and to discuss some particularities present in modes of subjectification and their effects on human existence, illness and social relationships in contemporaneity. In sum, for psychoanalysis, the subjective is defined by a division of two orders of function, related to the Conscious and to the Unconscious. The Subject of the psychoanalysis is the Subject of desire, delineated by Freud through the notion of Unconscious, marked and moved by the fault, different of the biological being and of the Subject of philosophy conscious. This Subject is constituted by his insertion in a symbolic order that comes before him, crossed by the language, tacked by the Other's desire and mediated by a Third One. In contemporaneity, it is possible to evidence a commotion in this notion of Subject of desire proposed by psychoanalysis. So that, we have a Subject that is at the mercy of an Other not so much interdicted, not so much marked by the symbolic fault and, therefore, imaginarily possible to be completed, making the Subject susceptible of turning in an Object. Apathy, alienation and angst are common traces where the fault is not installed in an effective way, putting in question the status of the Subject of desire...

En este artículo se pretende conceptualizar el sujeto y la subjetividad de acuerdo con las teorías de Freud y Lacan, discutir algunas peculiaridades en las formas de la subjetividad, sus efectos en las vidas humanas, la enfermedad y la vida social de hoy. En resumen, para el Psicoanálisis, la subjetividad se divide en dos órdenes de operación, el consciente y el inconsciente, siendo esencialmente constituida por la sintaxis inconsciente. El sujeto del Psicoanálisis es el sujeto del deseo, descrito por Freud a través de la noción de inconsciente, marcado y movido por la falta, distinto del ser biológico y del sujeto de la consciencia filosófica. Este sujeto está constituido por la inserción en un orden simbólico que lo precede, atravesado por el lenguaje, tomado por el deseo del Otro y mediado por un tercero. En la actualidad, es posible identificar un estremecimiento en la noción de sujeto del deseo propuesta por el Psicoanálisis. Así, tenemos que el hombre se encuentra a merced de un Outro poco prohibido, poco marcado por la falta simbólica y, por lo tanto, imaginariamente capaz de integridad, lo que lo hace susceptible a la función de objeto. La apatía, la alienación y la ansiedad son las marcas comunes, en las cuales la falta no se instala con eficacia, poniendo en cuestión la condición de sujeto de deseo...

Cet article vise à conceptualiser sujet et subjectivité, selon les théories de Freud et de Lacan, et y débattre quelques particularités présentes dans les formes de subjectivité et de ses effets sur l'existence humanine, la maladie et la vie sociale d'aujourd'hui. En résumé, pour la psychanalyse, la subjectivité est définie comme étant divisée en deux ordres de fonctionnement, la conscience et l'inconscient, et essentiellement constituée par la syntaxe inconsciente. Le sujet de la psychanalyse est le sujet du désir, décrit par Freud à travers la notion d'inconscient, marqué et remué par le manque, distinct de l'être biologique et du sujet de la conscience philosophique. Ce sujet est consitué par l'insertion dans une ordre symbolyque qui le précède, traversé par le langage, pris par le désir d'un Autre et par la médiation d'un tiers. C'est possible mettre actuellement en évidence un ébranlement dans cette notion de sujet de désir proposée par la psychanalyse. Il y a ainsi un sujet à la merci d'un Autre quelque peu interdit, quelque peu repéré d'un manque symbolique et donc imaginairement capable d'être complet, ce que lui rend susceptible de devenir un objet. L'apathie, l'aliénation et l'angoisse sont des marques courants ou l'absence ne s'installe pas de manière effective, en mettant en question le statut du sujet du désir...

Pecar hoje e a clínica psicanalítica / The psychoanalytical clinic and the meaning of the sin in our days

O autor retoma a noção de pecado na história de nossa civilização judaico-cristã, para mostrar porque para Lacan a depressão – a acídia - é um pecado, o grande pecado da atualidade, à medida que supõe uma negligência do sujeito em relação à sua vida e à do outro.

The author works with the notion of sin in the history of the Jewish and Christian civilization, and shows how depression - as ascidia - is a sin, the biggest one in actuality, just because suppose negligence with us and with others.

The Origin of Japanese Kampo Medicine and the Outlook of Its Clinical Research / 国际中医中药杂志

On the basis of summing up the relative works of Japanese journals,this article emphasized introducing the Japanese Kampo Medicine schools,the actuality of Japanese Kampo Medicine clinical researches and the outlook of the Kampo Medicine.This article aimed at making clinicians and researchers understand the form of Japanese Kampo Medichue and thinking method of Japanese Kampo Medicine school,hoping to provide reference for clinical treatment and research.

Current Status and Countermeasures of Forensic Postgraduate Education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

To analyze the actuality in the education of forensic postgraduates and discuss the cultivating goal,the ability cultivation of innovation and practice.There are scientific research degree and professional degree in the forensic medicine.

Review on Medical Imperfection Research / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Medical imperfection is the major reason for medical bother.How to avoid medical imperfection and guarantee medical security are the key issues of medical administrators.By investigating,integrating and analyzing the causation of the medical imperfection and the ways of prevention,we conclude that human context has an important effect.

The Actuality Evaluation and Strategy Research of Mental Health Service in Hunan Province / 中国医师杂志

Objective Through analyzing the status quo of mental health service in Hunan province in 2002 to put forward policy suggestions for health management department. Methods Applying descriptive methods to analyze the status quo of mental health service. Results Mental health resources in Hunan province was insufficient and the utilization of health resources was low. Conclusions Setting up mental health management section; Increasing the funds for health service; Strengthening the training of professionals; exploiting the service field of related specialities and developing community mental health.

Actuality and new trend on research of natural medicines in China and overseas / 中草药

The actuality of natural medicines in China,Europe,America,and Korea were explained, and analyzing existing problems of research and development of the natural medicines in China combing development trend of natural medicines,research trend,future direction,thought and methods for research of natural medicines were put forward in the paper.

Actuality and countermeasures in purchase and management of medical equipment in hospital / 医疗卫生装备

With the increasingly wide application of advanced science and technology, medical equipment, which reflects the overall strength of the hospital and medical activities, becomes more and more important. Medical equipment raises the level of medical care and increases the hospital income; while meantime, it is also bound to be accompanied by a range of purchase and management problems. The problems of medical equipment purchase and management in hospital are analyzed, and improvement opinions about equipment purchase, approval, use, maintenance and rejection are proposed in order to improve the actuality of equipment purchase and management.